List of Book Publishers in Australia: Where to Submit Your Work

Australia has one of the most vibrant literary communities in the world. From independent Australian publishers championing new voices to major houses like Allen & Unwin and Penguin Random House, the country offers diverse opportunities for authors across every genre—literary fiction, nonfiction, children’s books, poetry, and more.

As an author, ghostwriter, and writing coach who has helped over 130 writers publish their books, I’ve seen firsthand how the right publisher can transform a manuscript into a meaningful success story. But finding that right fit isn’t just about sending your work to the biggest name—it’s about matching your project to a publisher whose vision and list align with yours.

Whether you’re writing narrative nonfiction, adult fiction, or a middle-grade series, understanding Australia’s publishing landscape can help you position your work strategically. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the best book publishers in Australia, categorized by genre, along with their submission guidelines and insider tips for standing out in today’s competitive market.

If you’re still weighing whether traditional publishing or self-publishing is right for you, I recommend starting with Traditional Publishing vs. Self-Publishing: The Truth About Each Path. Once you’re clear on your publishing goals, this guide will help you take the next step—getting your work in front of the right publishers.

Table of Contents

• Should You Submit to Traditional Publishers?
• How to Submit to Traditional Publishers
• Nonfiction Publishers in Australia
• Fiction Publishers in Australia
• Children’s and Young Adult Publishers in Australia
• Poetry Publishers in Australia
• Academic and University Presses in Australia
• Choosing the Right Publisher for Your Work

Should You Submit to Traditional Publishers?

One of the first major decisions every writer faces is whether to pursue traditional publishing or take the self-publishing route. Traditional publishing offers undeniable advantages—professional editing, design, marketing support, and distribution—but it also comes with a more competitive, time-consuming process.

For many Australian authors, traditional publishing represents the gold standard. Your work gains credibility, reaches bookstores nationwide, and benefits from the reputation of established Australian publishers. However, it’s important to know that the process can be selective and slow. Many large publishers only accept submissions through literary agents, while independent book publishers may review unsolicited manuscripts directly.

If your goal is to build a long-term writing career, traditional publishing can provide lasting opportunities for growth, networking, and visibility in the industry. But if you value creative control, faster turnaround, or higher royalty rates, self-publishing may be the more empowering option.

Coach’s Insight: How I Help Writers Decide

As a writing coach and ghostwriter who’s helped over 130 authors, I always tell clients this: choose the publishing path that aligns with your goals, not your fears.

If you’re after credibility and reach, go traditional.
If you’re after freedom and speed, explore self-publishing.
Either way, success starts with a well-crafted manuscript and a clear strategy.

Recommended Reading

If you’re still unsure which route fits your goals, read Traditional Publishing vs. Self-Publishing: The Truth About Each Path. This in-depth article breaks down the key differences so you can make a confident, informed choice before submitting your work.

How to Submit to Traditional Publishers

Once you’ve decided that traditional publishing is the right path, it’s time to prepare your submission. This is where many writers get stuck—but with the right approach, you can stand out to even the most competitive Australian publishers.

The submission process differs slightly for fiction and nonfiction writers, but in both cases, presentation and professionalism are key. Before you hit “send,” make sure your manuscript or proposal showcases your best work and aligns with each publisher’s submission guidelines.

For Fiction Writers

When submitting fiction—whether it’s literary fiction, adult fiction, or genre fiction (such as romance, fantasy, or science fiction)—your goal is to hook the editor from the very first page.
Here’s what you’ll typically need:

• A polished manuscript: Editors expect near-final quality. Revise multiple times or consider working with a professional editor or writing coach before submission.

• A synopsis: 1–2 pages summarizing your story’s core plot, themes, and character arcs.

• A cover letter: Personalize it. Mention why your book fits their list, especially if they’ve published similar works.

• Follow the rules: If they say “first three chapters,” don’t send the whole manuscript. Respecting submission instructions shows professionalism.

Coach’s Tip: Publishers want to see storytelling mastery and market awareness. Show that you understand your audience and how your book fits into the current publishing landscape.

For Nonfiction Writers

Nonfiction submissions usually revolve around a book proposal rather than a full manuscript.
Your proposal should include:

• An overview of your idea and its purpose.

• Target audience and why your topic matters now.

• Competitive analysis: Mention similar titles and how yours stands out.

• Sample chapters (typically one or two).

• Author platform: Publishers want to know why you are the right person to write this book—your experience, credentials, and reach.

If you’re not sure how to put all of this together, my detailed guide on How to Write a Book Proposal to Get Published Traditionally breaks down every step and includes examples that have helped my clients secure publishing deals.

Submission Best Practices

• Research each publisher carefully before submitting.

• Double-check formatting and file types (Word or PDF are standard).

• Keep your email short, clear, and polite.

• Track your submissions with dates, responses, and follow-ups.

• Be patient—response times can range from weeks to months.

Nonfiction Publishers in Australia

Australia’s nonfiction publishing scene is as diverse as it is dynamic. From memoirs and political commentary to history, self-help, and narrative nonfiction, there’s a growing appetite for well-told true stories that inform and inspire. Whether you’re an emerging writer or an established author, understanding where your book fits within this landscape is essential.

As an author, ghostwriter, and writing coach who has helped more than 130 writers publish their books, I’ve seen that nonfiction success depends on two things: a powerful idea and a clear audience. The best publishers are looking for books that either educate readers, spark debate, or provide new insights into the world around us.

Quick Reference: Top Nonfiction Publishers in Australia

Spotlight on Leading Publishers

Allen & Unwin
One of Australia’s most respected independent publishers, Allen & Unwin is known for its award-winning nonfiction titles. Their Friday Pitch program allows writers to submit a synopsis and first chapter directly, making it one of the most accessible entry points into traditional publishing.

Black Inc.
Based in Melbourne, Black Inc. publishes thought-provoking works that shape public discourse. Their list includes memoirs, political analysis, and historical nonfiction from both emerging and established voices.

Text Publishing
Text Publishing has a strong reputation for high-quality nonfiction that combines storytelling with substance. They publish narrative nonfiction, memoirs, and social commentary that resonate with Australian and international readers alike.

Affirm Press
Affirm Press focuses on stories that uplift and inspire. Their nonfiction list includes memoirs, biographies, and narrative nonfiction that connect emotionally with readers and often highlight human resilience and hope.

Magabala Books
As Australia’s leading Indigenous publishing house, Magabala Books champions First Nations voices. Their nonfiction titles celebrate culture, identity, and connection to Country, offering a vital perspective on Australian storytelling.

Strengthen Your Book Proposal

Before submitting to any nonfiction publisher, ensure your book proposal clearly outlines your idea, audience, and author platform. Editors want to understand why you are the right person to write this book and how it stands out in the current market.

If you need help preparing a professional, compelling proposal, read my guide on How to Write a Book Proposal to Get Published Traditionally.

Fiction Publishers in Australia

Australia has a thriving fiction market that celebrates diverse voices and genres—from literary masterpieces to commercial page-turners. Whether you’re writing literary fiction, adult fiction, or genre fiction such as crime, romance, or science fiction, there are many independent Australian publishers and major houses ready to discover compelling new voices.

As someone who has helped over 130 writers craft, refine, and publish their books, I’ve seen how vital it is for authors to choose publishers that understand both their creative vision and target readership. The publishers listed below represent the best opportunities for Australian writers seeking to publish fiction that resonates locally and internationally.

Leading Literary Fiction Publishers

Allen & Unwin
A cornerstone of the Australian literary scene, Allen & Unwin publishes award-winning literary fiction that explores contemporary life, identity, and emotion. Through its Friday Pitch program, writers can submit the first chapter and a synopsis directly to the editorial team—an excellent opportunity for emerging authors.

Text Publishing
Text Publishing is known for its commitment to high-quality literary and narrative fiction. The Melbourne-based independent book publisher regularly discovers fresh Australian talent and publishes stories that balance literary excellence with commercial appeal.

Scribe Publications
Scribe is an independent Australian publisher that values originality and depth. They publish literary fiction that challenges readers intellectually and emotionally, often highlighting social or psychological themes.

Affirm Press
Affirm Press publishes literary fiction that inspires and uplifts. Their list combines heart, depth, and broad appeal—ideal for writers with emotionally resonant stories grounded in character and meaning.

UQP (University of Queensland Press)
UQP is renowned for literary fiction that explores Australian culture and identity. They publish works by both established and debut authors, with a special focus on Indigenous voices and stories with strong narrative purpose.

Leading Commercial and Genre Fiction Publishers

Harlequin Australia (HarperCollins)
As one of the world’s leading names in romance and women’s fiction, Harlequin Australia offers opportunities for writers of contemporary, historical, and suspense-driven stories. They accept submissions directly through their online portal, making them an accessible choice for writers without agents.

Hachette Australia
Hachette publishes a wide range of commercial and genre fiction, including crime, thrillers, fantasy, and historical fiction. Their list includes bestselling Australian and international authors who write for broad audiences.

Pan Macmillan Australia
Pan Macmillan’s commercial fiction list includes romance, crime, and historical fiction. They focus on strong storytelling and characters that connect emotionally with readers. Submissions are typically made through literary agents.

Clan Destine Press
A standout independent Australian publisher, Clan Destine Press specializes in crime, mystery, thriller, and speculative fiction. Their focus on fast-paced, character-driven narratives makes them a great fit for genre writers looking for a smaller, more personal publishing house.

Fremantle Press
Fremantle Press supports writers from Western Australia and publishes fiction that reflects the region’s people and landscapes. Their list includes crime, historical fiction, and literary fiction with a strong sense of place.

Voyager (HarperCollins)
Voyager is HarperCollins’ dedicated science fiction and fantasy imprint. They publish both Australian and international authors and are known for immersive world-building and strong storytelling. Writers typically need to submit through an agent.

How to Choose the Right Fiction Publisher

When deciding where to submit your manuscript, look beyond prestige and focus on alignment. Review each publisher’s catalog to see whether your themes, tone, and genre match their current list. If your work blends literary and commercial elements, consider submitting to independent book publishers such as Text or Affirm Press, which are known for bridging both worlds.

Submitting your work thoughtfully increases your chances of success. Always read each publisher’s submission guidelines carefully, respect word count requests, and tailor your pitch accordingly.

Children’s and Young Adult Publishers in Australia

Australia has a robust market for children’s books and young adult (YA) literature, with publishers known for producing engaging, thought-provoking, and beautifully illustrated titles. From picture books to middle-grade and YA fiction, the country’s publishing landscape offers exceptional opportunities for writers who want to inspire young readers.

As a writing coach and ghostwriter, I’ve seen how rewarding it is for authors to publish books that shape the imagination of younger audiences. The key is understanding what each publisher looks for—and crafting a submission that fits their editorial style and readership.

Leading Publishers of Children’s and YA Books

Allen & Unwin
Allen & Unwin publishes a diverse range of children’s and YA books, including picture books, middle-grade, and young adult novels. Their titles often combine emotional depth with creativity, helping young readers explore identity, friendship, and discovery. Authors can submit through the Friday Pitch program.

Hardie Grant Children’s Publishing
Hardie Grant is one of the country’s leading names in children’s literature. They publish everything from illustrated books and picture books to middle-grade and YA fiction. Their submissions process is open via email, and they actively seek original stories with emotional resonance and imaginative flair.

Text Publishing
Text Publishing’s children’s and YA list includes middle-grade and young adult fiction. Known for their literary excellence, Text seeks stories with strong characters, emotional authenticity, and universal themes that appeal to younger readers.

Walker Books Australia
Walker Books is a major name in international children’s publishing, known for its high-quality picture books, middle-grade novels, and YA fiction. The Australian division publishes both local and international authors and accepts unsolicited picture book submissions.

Ford Street Publishing
Ford Street specializes in children’s and YA fiction, including fantasy, science fiction, and contemporary stories. They have a strong record of discovering new voices and are open to unsolicited submissions that push creative boundaries.

Fremantle Press
Fremantle Press supports authors from Western Australia and publishes children’s and YA fiction with a focus on regional culture, landscapes, and storytelling. They accept submissions during open reading periods via their online portal.

Magabala Books
Magabala Books is Australia’s leading Indigenous publisher, producing children’s titles that highlight First Nations stories, culture, and identity. They champion emerging Indigenous authors and illustrators, creating books that foster understanding and pride in cultural heritage.

Scholastic Australia
Scholastic is one of the largest global publishers of children’s fiction, educational titles, and YA novels. In Australia, they work closely with schools and libraries to promote literacy. They typically accept submissions through literary agents.

UQP (University of Queensland Press)
UQP publishes literary children’s and YA books that explore complex emotional and social themes. Their authors often challenge young readers to think critically and empathetically about the world. Submissions are accepted during specific open windows.

Writing for Young Readers

Writing for younger audiences requires both creativity and structure. Publishers are looking for stories that entertain while encouraging empathy, imagination, and curiosity.
For picture book writers, concise language and visual storytelling are key. Middle-grade authors should focus on adventure, humor, and character growth, while YA fiction should tackle identity, relationships, and self-discovery.

If you’re unsure which category your manuscript fits, consider reading current titles from these Australian publishers to understand tone, pacing, and age-appropriate themes.

Building a Career in Children’s Publishing

Breaking into the children’s market can open doors to long-term success. Many successful Australian authors begin with a single story that captures a publisher’s attention and later develop a full series or backlist. Consistency, originality, and professional submissions are crucial.

Before submitting, review each publisher’s submission guidelines carefully. Editors appreciate authors who respect the process and demonstrate awareness of their catalog and readership.

Poetry Publishers in Australia

Australia has a vibrant and ever-evolving poetry scene. From independent Australian publishers that champion experimental forms to university presses committed to preserving literary heritage, there are many avenues for poets to share their work.

Poetry publishing in Australia values authenticity, innovation, and voice. Whether your work leans toward contemporary, narrative, or experimental poetry, the key is finding a publisher whose editorial vision matches your poetic style.

As an author and writing coach who’s worked with writers across genres, I’ve seen how poetry can transform both craft and career. Getting published in the right place not only builds credibility but also connects you to Australia’s broader literary community.

Leading Poetry Publishers in Australia

Giramondo Publishing
Giramondo Publishing is one of Australia’s most respected independent presses, known for publishing contemporary and experimental poetry. They have a strong commitment to emerging poets and often seek works that explore language, identity, and form in new ways. Submissions are accepted during specific open periods.

UWA Publishing (University of Western Australia Press)
UWA Publishing supports poets who engage with Australian landscapes, culture, and identity. Their list includes both established and debut poets, with a focus on collections that explore Indigenous perspectives and environmental themes. Submissions are open during announced reading periods.

Puncher & Wattmann
Puncher & Wattmann is a leading independent Australian publisher of poetry, known for both experimental and traditional verse. They have built a strong catalog of contemporary Australian poets and encourage manuscripts that challenge conventions while remaining accessible to readers.

Magabala Books
As Australia’s foremost Indigenous publisher, Magabala Books celebrates First Nations poetry that highlights cultural identity, resilience, and connection to Country. Their poetry list plays a key role in preserving and promoting Indigenous voices across generations.

Cordite Books
An imprint of the Cordite Poetry Review, Cordite Books specializes in avant-garde and innovative poetry. They publish collections that push formal and thematic boundaries, making them an ideal choice for poets working in experimental forms.

Five Islands Press
Five Islands Press has a long tradition of publishing contemporary Australian poetry. They’re dedicated to promoting both emerging and established poets and often release collections that reflect Australia’s diverse cultural and creative landscapes.

Black Inc.
Known for its nonfiction and essays, Black Inc. also publishes select poetry collections that engage with social, political, and cultural themes. Their list often includes poets whose work challenges conventional thinking and provokes conversation.

Hunter Publishers
Hunter Publishers releases contemporary and narrative poetry collections that explore personal and social issues. They’re known for working closely with authors to develop manuscripts that balance creative depth with thematic focus.

Spineless Wonders
Spineless Wonders publishes micro-poetry, haiku, and short-form experimental work. They are dedicated to innovative storytelling and often blur the line between poetry and flash fiction. Submissions open periodically through their website.

Walleah Press
Based in Tasmania, Walleah Press focuses on contemporary Australian poetry. Their mission is to nurture emerging poets while supporting established voices that contribute meaningfully to the national literary conversation.

Submitting Your Poetry Manuscript

Poetry submissions often differ from fiction or nonfiction. Most presses expect a full manuscript or a well-organized sample of 15–20 poems, accompanied by a concise cover letter and author bio. Always review the submission guidelines on each publisher’s website, as open periods and requirements vary.

To strengthen your submission, include poems that show variety in tone and structure but maintain a unified voice. Many independent book publishers look for collections that feel cohesive and emotionally resonant rather than purely experimental.

Building a Poetry Career

Publishing a poetry collection can be the foundation for a broader literary career. Consider submitting to journals, anthologies, and contests as you develop your manuscript. Many Australian poets first gain recognition through these smaller venues before securing a book deal.

As a writing coach, I often remind poets that publication is not the finish line but the beginning of building a meaningful connection with readers through language and emotion.

Academic and University Presses in Australia

Australia’s academic and university presses play a vital role in shaping intellectual and cultural discourse. These publishers bridge the gap between research and readership, producing scholarly works that appeal to both academic and general audiences.

For authors writing academic nonfiction, cultural studies, or policy-focused books, university presses provide a platform that values depth, rigor, and originality. While some focus strictly on scholarly works, others embrace hybrid titles that combine academic insight with narrative accessibility.

Having helped more than 130 writers craft manuscripts for publication, I’ve seen how the academic publishing process rewards precision, credibility, and clarity. Submitting to these presses requires careful preparation, but for the right author, it can lead to lasting professional recognition.

Leading Academic and University Presses in Australia

Melbourne University Publishing (MUP)
MUP is one of Australia’s leading academic publishers. They specialize in history, politics, and social commentary, producing books that engage both scholars and general readers. Proposals should include a synopsis, sample chapters, and an author bio.

University of Queensland Press (UQP)
UQP publishes across disciplines, with strengths in Indigenous studies, Australian history, and literary criticism. They aim to make academic work accessible while maintaining scholarly integrity. Submissions are open during specific reading windows.

Sydney University Press (SUP)
SUP focuses on Australian history, cultural studies, archaeology, and law. Their list emphasizes works that contribute to national and international academic discussions. Submissions should include a proposal, sample chapters, and a CV.

Monash University Publishing
Monash University Publishing produces books in the humanities, social sciences, and public policy. They are known for titles that inform public debate and are written for both specialists and lay readers. Authors should submit a detailed proposal with sample chapters.

UNSW Press (NewSouth Publishing)
Also known as NewSouth Publishing, UNSW Press is a leading university press combining academic rigor with public accessibility. Their catalog includes books on Australian history, politics, and social issues. Submissions are accepted by email.

UWA Publishing (University of Western Australia Press)
UWA Publishing specializes in Australian literature, Indigenous studies, and environmental humanities. They champion scholarly works that explore national identity, history, and the natural world. Submissions open during announced reading periods.

ANU Press (Australian National University Press)
ANU Press is a pioneer in open-access academic publishing, focusing on humanities, social sciences, and Asia-Pacific studies. Their publications are freely available online, making research widely accessible to the global community.

CSIRO Publishing
As the publishing arm of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO Publishing focuses on science, environment, and agriculture. Their books and journals are internationally respected for quality and precision. Authors can submit proposals directly via email.

Adelaide University Press
Adelaide University Press supports open-access publishing and specializes in history, literature, and public policy. They welcome proposals for scholarly works that advance knowledge and contribute to meaningful dialogue.

Submitting to University Presses

Submitting to an academic publisher requires more than a good idea—it requires a structured, well-researched proposal. A strong submission includes:

• A concise summary of your book’s purpose and audience.

• A table of contents and sample chapters.

• Information about your academic background and research credentials.

• A statement on the book’s contribution to its field.

Remember that most university presses value clarity over jargon. Write your proposal in a way that demonstrates both scholarly depth and readability.

Why Publish with an Academic Press

Academic publishing offers more than academic credibility. It allows authors to contribute meaningfully to research and education while reaching readers beyond the university setting. Many Australian authors use academic presses to expand their influence, strengthen their professional standing, and build interdisciplinary visibility.

If your goal is to share ideas that challenge, inform, or educate, an academic or university press may be the perfect publishing partner.

Choosing the Right Publisher for Your Book

Choosing the right publisher is one of the most important strategic decisions an author can make. The Australian publishing industry is diverse, ranging from independent book publishers that nurture emerging voices to global houses that handle large-scale commercial titles. The key to success lies in matching your manuscript’s genre, audience, and goals with a publisher that aligns with your vision.

Having worked with over 130 authors across fiction, nonfiction, and memoir, I’ve seen how a thoughtful submission strategy can make all the difference. The right publisher not only understands your work but also amplifies it—connecting your ideas or story to the readers who will appreciate it most.

Step One: Know Your Goals

Before sending out submissions, take a moment to define what success looks like for you. Are you seeking literary prestige, academic credibility, or broad commercial reach?

• If your goal is to build an academic career, a university press such as UQP or ANU Press may be ideal.

• If you’re writing literary fiction or narrative nonfiction, an independent Australian publisher like Text Publishing or Affirm Press may offer the editorial attention and creative collaboration you need.

• If your focus is commercial fiction, romance, or self-help, larger houses such as HarperCollins, Hachette, or Penguin Random House provide greater distribution and marketing power.

Understanding your objectives helps you target publishers who share your priorities and audience focus.

Step Two: Research Submission Guidelines

Every publisher has its own process for reviewing manuscripts. Before submitting, read each publisher’s submission guidelines carefully—most provide them on their websites. Pay attention to the following details:

• Whether they accept unsolicited manuscripts or require an agent.

• The preferred format (email, form submission, or hard copy).

• Specific requirements for sample chapters, synopses, or cover letters.

• Open submission windows or genre-specific reading periods.

Following instructions precisely demonstrates professionalism and respect for editors’ time—qualities that set you apart immediately.

Step Three: Evaluate Publisher Fit

It’s not enough to find a publisher that simply works within your genre. Look at the types of authors they champion and the tone or themes of their catalog.
Ask yourself:

• Do their published books resonate with the style or message of mine?

• Would my book fill a gap or strengthen their list?

• Does their readership align with my intended audience?

For example, if your nonfiction book explores personal transformation, Exisle Publishing—with its focus on self-help and wellness—might be a strong fit. If you’re an emerging poet, Giramondo Publishing or Puncher & Wattmann would be more suitable.

Step Four: Consider Long-Term Strategy

Publishing one book is an achievement; building a writing career requires vision. Consider how your chosen publisher might support your future work.

• Some independent Australian publishers actively nurture their authors, offering close editorial collaboration and ongoing relationships.

• Larger publishers often bring wider reach but less personal involvement.

• Academic and university presses may provide stability and credibility over time.

If your ultimate goal is a sustainable writing career, think beyond this one manuscript. A publisher who values your growth as an author is a partner worth keeping.

Step Five: Be Patient and Persistent

Even the best manuscripts can take time to find a home. Publishing cycles move slowly, and rejection is part of the process. Keep improving your submission materials and refining your approach. Many authors succeed after multiple rounds of submissions.

If you find the process overwhelming, consider professional support. As a writing coach, I help authors prepare polished manuscripts, refine proposals, and choose the best publishers for their work. With the right guidance, you can approach the publishing journey strategically and confidently.

Explore More Publishing Options

If you’re curious about other routes, such as self-publishing, you can read my detailed guide: List of Self-Publishers in Australia. Understanding both traditional and independent paths ensures you make an informed choice that aligns with your creative and professional goals.

Final Thoughts – From Manuscript to Publishing Success

Publishing a book is not just about finding the right company—it’s about understanding your goals, your audience, and your story’s true potential. The Australian publishing landscape is rich with opportunity, offering a home for every kind of writer—from emerging voices to seasoned authors exploring new creative ground.

By now, you’ve seen how diverse this world is: from independent Australian publishers like Text Publishing and Affirm Press, to academic and university presses such as UQP and ANU Press, to major houses like Penguin Random House and Hachette. Each publisher serves a different purpose, audience, and vision—but all share one common goal: to bring exceptional stories and ideas to readers.

As an author, ghostwriter, and writing coach, I’ve helped more than 130 writers refine their manuscripts, secure publishing deals, and build lasting careers. I know firsthand how challenging this process can feel—but also how rewarding it becomes when your book finally reaches the readers it was meant for.

The key to success lies in preparation:

• Research publishers who align with your genre and goals.

• Follow submission guidelines carefully.

• Present your work professionally, with confidence and clarity.

• Be patient, persistent, and open to feedback.

If you’re ready to take the next step toward publication, I can help you develop a strategy tailored to your book and your career goals. Together, we can refine your manuscript, strengthen your proposal, and identify the publishers most likely to respond to your work.

To start your journey toward traditional publication, schedule a one-on-one consultation today. Let’s turn your manuscript into a book that deserves to be read.